Hypoparathyroidism -Quick revision chart

Metabolic disorder in which hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia occur either due to a failure of the parathyroid glands to secrete sufficient amount of biologically active PTH or from an inability of PTH to appropriately induce a biological response

major regulator of calcium and phosphate metabolism Secreted primarily in response to low calcium PTH raises free calcium ( sensing via Calcium sensing receptor ) by○ increasing reabsorption from kidneys○ release of calcium from the skeleton○ increasing calcium absorption from intestine by increasing the synthesis of calcitriol

Parathyroid gland injury due to surgery / inadvertent removal is the most common cause.

Autoimmune ( 2nd most common cause ) , genetic variants( e,g DiGeorge synd ) , infiltrative ( e,g granulomatous disease , haemochromatosis ) , metastatic , radiation , mineral deposition , magnesium deficiency / excess or idiopathic

clinical presentation ( hypocalcemia ) inappropriately low PTH in presence of hypocalcemia

enquire about h/o thyroid , head & neck surgery , radiation family h/o hypocalcemia check for Chvostek & Trousseau's sign presence of other autoimmune conditions any condition predisposing to hypomagnesemia further testing can include○ total corrected calcium corrected for albumin○ PTH , phosphorus , magnesium , Us/Es and Vit D , LFT○ 24...