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"This table provides an overview of the infective causes of acute diarrhoea with blood, a condition commonly referred to as dysentery. It includes bacterial, protozoal, and parasitic pathogens known to be associated with this gastrointestinal disorder.
| Infective Cause | Description and Presentation |
|---|---|
| Bacterial Infections | ♦ Shigella species: Causes bacillary dysentery with bloody diarrhea and abdominal cramps. ♦ Salmonella species: May lead to bloody diarrhoea, fever, and vomiting. ♦ Campylobacter species: Common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, can present with bloody diarrhea. ♦ Escherichia coli (EHEC): May result in hemorrhagic colitis with bloody diarrhoea. ♦ Clostridium difficile (C. difficile): Causes pseudomembranous colitis, often with bloody diarrhoea. ♦ Yersinia species: Can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms including bloody diarrhea. |
| Protozoal Infections | ♦ Entamoeba histolytica: Causes amoebic dysentery with bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. ♦ Giardia lamblia: Typically presents with watery diarrhoea but can lead to loose stools with blood. ♦ Balantidium coli: Rare cause of dysentery, may result in bloody diarrhea with abdominal pain. |
| Parasitic Infections | ♦ Schistosoma mansoni: Causes schistosomiasis with symptoms including bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and hepatosplenomegaly. ♦ Schistosoma japonicum: Leads to schistosomiasis with similar symptoms, including bloody diarrhea. ♦ Trichuris trichiura (Whipworm): Can cause bloody diarrhea in heavy... |
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